International Journal of Human Movement Science
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
ISSN : 1976-4391 (print)
ISSN : 2586-078X (online)
Sustainable Development Strategy of Women’s Football: In-depth Analysis of Policy, Institutional System, and Structure of Women’s Football in South KoreaGang Alex C. , Park Jin , Lee Ju Young , Jo Eunah , Yoo Sang Keon 16(1) 1-18, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.1
TitleSustainable Development Strategy of Women’s Football: In-depth Analysis of Policy, Institutional System, and Structure of Women’s Football in South Korea
Gang Alex C. , Park Jin , Lee Ju Young , Jo Eunah , Yoo Sang Keon DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.1 AbstractThis research identifies and analyzes various problems that Korean women’s football is facing and offers recommendations for sustainable development by using a qualitative reflective approach. In order to attain these two overarching goals of this study, each of the five researchers shared an extensive record on their perspective on women’s football in South Korea through the process of self-reflection. Furthermore, in an attempt to democratize the data collection process, researchers’ personal records have been used to enrich the scope and depth of data. The factors hindering the continuous development of women’s football are presented through the analysis of sport policy, institutions responsible for the management of women’s football, and the overall football structure. First, a scrutiny of sport policy uncovers various macroscopic influences on the elitization of athletes and early specialization which have contributed to the stagnant participation base in women’s football. Second, the analysis of the institutional system addresses underlying issues on how the current tournament system is organized and implemented under the supervision of the South Korean Women’s Football Federation (KWFF). Lastly, the analysis of the structure challenges the way talent development programs can improve their effectiveness that discerns the peculiar elements of women’s football in South Korea. Having identified the barriers that hinder positive development in women’s football, this study suggests four practical recommendations, which include abolishing the Physical Education Specialist System, demanding active involvement of educational institutions to establish teams, and reorganization of competition structure and Golden Age program. Key WordsWomen’s football in South Korea, Elite sports system, Sport policy, Sport participation, Reflective research |
Single vs. Multiple Signage: Applying Limited Capacity Message Processing to Fan’s Recognition and Recall of In-stadium AdvertisingMinkyo Lee , David Tuchman , Edward Arner 16(1) 19-28, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.2
TitleSingle vs. Multiple Signage: Applying Limited Capacity Message Processing to Fan’s Recognition and Recall of In-stadium Advertising
Minkyo Lee , David Tuchman , Edward Arner DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.2 AbstractWith the innovation of digital signage, stadiums are surrounding their field with the signage of one single sponsor and digitally rotating to the next sponsor periodically. While this rotating technique is becoming more popular, little is known about whether the technique is more effective in creating consumer recognition and recall of corporate sponsors than the traditional cluster method. Thus, the current study aims to examine the effect of these types of methods (i.e., single-signage rotation vs. traditional cluster method) on brand memory. Guided by the theoretical perspective of limited model for mediated message processing (LC3MP), it was hypothesized that single-signage rotation technique would generate greater encoding rates and retrieval rates than multiple-signage rotation. The MANOVA results showed that participants (n = 33) who were assigned to the single-signage rotation condition were more likely to recall the sponsorship brands when compared to the multiple-signages condition (n = 34). However, there were no such impacts on encoding rates. Thus, the hypothesis regarding retrieving rates was only supported, which indicates that single-signage rotation technique will help fans to recall sponsor information better than other techniques. Key WordsIn-stadium signage, single-signage rotation technique, multiple-signage rotation technique, LC3MP |
Korean and Chinese Sports Pedagogy Research Trand: Focusing on 2007-2016Jung Ji Hae , Jiaxinh Liu , Stella Seungyeon Yang , Joey Byeonggoo Lee 16(1) 29-45, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.3
TitleKorean and Chinese Sports Pedagogy Research Trand: Focusing on 2007-2016
Jung Ji Hae , Jiaxinh Liu , Stella Seungyeon Yang , Joey Byeonggoo Lee DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.3 AbstractThe purpose of this study is to present an intellectual structure reflecting the latest research trends in the sport pedagogy field using co-occurrence network analysis, one of the bibliometrics techniques, and to identify how the subject area is constructed. It is planning to compare and analyze the intellectual structure of sport pedagogy between South Korea and China. Research Question 1) What are the main topics of sport pedagogy in Korea and China? 2) Does the research topic of Korea and China represent structural changes by period? 3) How does the network of researchers make up the sport pedagogy intellectual structure in Korea and China appear? First, Korea and China had common research topics such as physical education, physical activity, curriculum, and physical education teachers in four areas. Second, the overall structure of the research topics was not significantly different as a result of comparing and analyzing the 10-year studies of both countries in a five-year period. Third, the analysis of the cited documents showed that Korea had the highest frequency of physical education criticism of Yoo (2005), humanities and physical education of Choi (2010a), and HANARO classes. On the other hand, China had the highest frequency of quotations such as Zhou’s School Physical Education and Mao’s Didactics of Physical Education. Therefore, this research is meaningful in that it selected China as a comparative country in the field of sports pedagogy and approached the direction of research between the two countries academically. Key WordsKorea, China, Sport Pedagogy, Bibliometrics’ methods, Social Network Analysis |
Exploring the Functions of Self-Talk: The Effects of Self-Talk on Sports Performance in Collegiate AthletesAimee N. Tran , Seung Ho Chang 16(1) 47-58, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.4
TitleExploring the Functions of Self-Talk: The Effects of Self-Talk on Sports Performance in Collegiate Athletes
Aimee N. Tran , Seung Ho Chang DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.4 AbstractAthletes are often faced with tasks that demand high levels of focus, success, and performance. Professional athletes, specifically, are expected by many people to be the best and perform exceptionally well. Their lives often revolve around their sport, with long hours of training, strict nutrition, and different types of therapy. However, these athletes are human and experience stress from various factors. Athletes can experience external stress (e.g., from the audience or coaches), or internal stress (e.g., negative thoughts or anxiety). These are only a few examples of the stressors that athletes face throughout their careers. Numerous other factors may cause athletes to stress, and consequently, perform poorly. Therefore, athletes may have low levels of confidence, experience anxiety, or lose focus during high stake moments. However, there is a great body of research that shows mental skills training helps athletes overcome stressors and perform better. Self-talk is one example of an intervention for the mental skills found to help individuals perform better through relaxation, goal setting, self-regulation, self-reflection, flow, and self-efficacy. To better understand the effects of self-talk on sports performance, there is a need to identify how self-talk affects athletes in certain sport skills and situations, as there may be important differences or similarities to discover. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to explore the effectiveness of self-talk on collegiate athletes’ performance across various sports. The findings of this paper suggest that the self-talk is a positive aspect of improving flow, self-efficacy, motivation and stopping general competitive anxiety and a nervousness. In addition, the fact that pairing a challenging statement to negative self-talk would be the effective way to promote athletes’ performance in some situation was found. Key WordsSelf-talk, Psychological skills training, Self-efficacy, Collegiate athletes |
Examining the Difference of Stress Sources between American and Korean Elite SwimmersKwangho Park , A Patrick Desabato , Minkil Kim , Gi Yong Koo , Hyeon-chel Youk 16(1) 59-76, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.5
TitleExamining the Difference of Stress Sources between American and Korean Elite Swimmers
Kwangho Park , A Patrick Desabato , Minkil Kim , Gi Yong Koo , Hyeon-chel Youk DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.5 AbstractThis study is cross-cultural, finding various sources of stress and identifying the differences between American and Korean college-aged swimmers. A sample of 70 elite swimming athletes in college from America and Korea was recruited through an online survey. Through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), this study finds the various factors of stress: (1) environmental; (2) performance; (3) logistic and access; (4) uncertainty; and (5) patience. Additionally, this study identifies the differences in the stress sources between American and Korean college-aged swimmers using the Mann-Whitney test. Consequently, the findings include that there is a significant difference in the types of stressors experienced by swimmers in the two societies (i.e., South Korea and America). Meaningful literature about cultural comparisons of sources of stress, and further validation of an effective scale to examine sources of stress in sports across cultures are also provided by this study. Key WordsStress, Cross-cultural study, Swimming athletes, Individualism, Collectivism |
Comparison of the Tennis Serve Performance: A Case Study of an Elite Korean Tennis PlayerJung Kooin , Kim Haneol 16(1) 77-85, 2022 DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.6
TitleComparison of the Tennis Serve Performance: A Case Study of an Elite Korean Tennis Player
Jung Kooin , Kim Haneol DOI:10.23949/ijhms.2022.04.16.1.6 AbstractTennis serve performance is essential because high-quality serves increase the chance of winning points by reducing the opponent’s time to return accurately. This study aimed to compare the displacements of tennis serve between Hyeon Chung’s junior match in 2013 Wimbledon Open - Boys’ singles and himself as a professional player in 2018 to explore the difference according to expertise. Every frame was captured from a high-definition video, and tennis serve displacements were processed using a specialized written MATLAB program. It determined where the tennis serves landed on one of the T, Mid, or Wide sections in the service box. Chung’s serve as a junior player landed in the T section showed 23.95 %, whereas 46.3 % of a professional player’s serve appeared in the T section. More frequent serves to the T section were observed for experienced players, shortening its distance and placing it at the furthest distance from the opponent. Key WordsTennis strategy, Expert, Professional, Strategy, Serve performance |